"Health care of patients with schizophrenia"

Tema ovog završnog rada je zdravstvena njega shizofrenog bolesnika, odnosno zdravstvena njega osoba oboljelih od shizofrenije, jedne od najstarijih, najbizarnijih i najtežih psihijatrijskih bolesti koja se po mnogim autorima smatra i jedinom pravom duševnom bolesti. Od shizofrenije obolijeva 1% populacije, najčešće osobe mlađe životne dobi. Uzrok bolesti nije poznat, u medicini se ona povezuje sa neurobiološkim poremećajem koji pogađa bolesnika u svim dimenzijama njegovog postojanja. U prošlosti se smatralo kako je shizofrenija djelo "mračnih sila", dok nisu zapisani prvi opisi i uvedene klasifikacije shizofrenije kao bolesti. Cilj rada je ukazati na važnost i ulogu medicinske sestre/tehničara (MS/MT) te kompleksnost zdravstvene njege za takvog bolesnika. MS/MT je u biti i jedina kontinuirana poveznica između bolesnika i liječnika. Istaknut ćemo i važnost poznavanja same bolesti, simptoma koji karakteriziraju shizofreniju, važnost komunikacije, iskustva, vještina MS/MT kao najvažnijih „alata“ u njezi shizofrenih bolesnika. Prvi dio rada, opisuje kliničku sliku i simptome bolesti, povijest nastanka, epidemiologiju, etiologiju, te dijagnostiku i mogućnosti liječenja, dok drugi dio rada opisuje potrebite vještine i kompetencije koje bi MS/MT morala imati za rad sa shizofrenim bolesnicima s naglaskom na komunikaciju i provođenje načela zdravstvene njege, te sestrinske dijagnoze. Opisana je i važnost psihijatrijske MS/MT kao neizostavnog člana psihijatrijskog tima, te kompleksnost i zahtjevnost njege za shizofrenog bolesnika kroz najučestalije sestrinske dijagnoze temeljene na prikupljanju podataka i objektivnog promatranja bolesnika.The subject matter of the final work is medical care of schizophrenic patients, respectively medical care of the persons who got ill of schizophrenia as one of the oldest, most bizarre and most difficult psychiatric illnesses which is by most authors considered as one and only mental illness. 1% of population suffers from schizophrenic diseases, mostly younger population and the cause of theillness is unknown. In medical studies,schizophreniais connected to neurobiological disorder, which affects the patients in every aspect of their existence. In history, it was considered that schizophrenia is work of „dark forces“, until there were written first descriptions and classifications and finally schizophrenia was introduced as a disease. The goal of the work is to show importance and the role of medical nurse/technician (MN/MT) and complexity of medical care for the patients. MN/MT is actually only continuous link between patient and the doctor. We will also emphasize the importance of disease itself, symptoms whocharacterizeschizophrenia, importance of communication, experience and skills of MN/MT as most important “tool” in care of schizophrenic. First part of this work describes clinical image and symptoms of the disease, history of occurrence, epidemiology, etiology, diagnosis and possibility of treatment. Second part describes skills and competence which MN/MT need to have to work with schizophrenic patients with emphasis on communication and implementation of the principles of medical care and diagnose of medical nurse. Also, itdescribes the importance of the MN/MT as an inevitable member of the psychiatric team, as well as the complexity and diligence of schizophrenic patients care. The illness is described, most frequently, through the nurse/technician diagnosis based on data collection and objective observation of the patient